Reasoning from a generally accepted truth to a specific example is referred to as which of the following?

The correct answer highlights the process of reasoning from a general principle to a specific instance, which is defined as deduction. In deductive reasoning, one starts with a general statement or hypothesis and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion. This method ensures that if the initial premise is true, the conclusion must also be true.

For example, if the general truth is that all humans are mortal, then a specific instance, such as "Socrates is a human," logically leads to the conclusion that "Socrates is mortal." This demonstrates how deductive reasoning operates from the broader concept to a particular case.

The other options represent different reasoning methods or types of proof. Argument by induction, for instance, involves drawing general conclusions from specific examples, which is the opposite of the deductive process. Extrinsic proof refers to evidence that comes from outside the argument itself, while intrinsic proof relates to evidence and reasoning contained within the argument. Understanding these distinctions further clarifies why deduction is the correct identification for reasoning from a general truth to a specific example.