Studying observable characteristics in an audience, such as age, gender, and ethnicity, is known as which of the following?

The concept being described pertains to demographic analysis, which focuses on quantifiable characteristics of a population. This includes factors such as age, gender, ethnicity, education, income level, and occupation. By studying these observable characteristics, speakers can tailor their message to better resonate with the audience, ensuring that their communication is relevant and impactful.

Demographic analysis helps speakers understand the background and circumstances of their audience, which can guide content choices, tone, and the examples used during the presentation. This understanding is crucial for effective public speaking, as it allows for greater connection and engagement with the audience.

Other types of analysis, such as psychological, economic, and cultural analyses, do not primarily focus on these observable characteristics. Psychological analysis examines the mental and emotional state of the audience, economic analysis focuses on financial aspects and implications, and cultural analysis delves into the values, beliefs, and customs of a group. While these analyses can provide valuable insights in their own right, they do not specifically address the observable demographic traits that are emphasized in the question.