The use of language to defame, demean, or degrade people is referred to as which of the following?

The use of language to defame, demean, or degrade people is best described as name-calling. This term directly involves employing derogatory or insulting language towards individuals or groups, intending to harm their reputation or self-esteem. Name-calling often arises in various contexts, including debates, discussions, or social interactions, and is a clear form of verbal attack that can be very impactful in public speaking or communication.

Political correctness refers to language and behavior that seeks to minimize offense, particularly in relation to marginalized groups, and is not about defamation. Telling half-truths involves delivering misleading information by only presenting part of the truth but does not necessarily involve degradation or defamation. Plagiarism is the act of presenting someone else's work or ideas as your own and is unrelated to the use of language in a harmful manner towards others. Therefore, name-calling stands out as the most accurate term for the behavior described in the question.